Nginx访问日志及错误日志参数说明
说明：nginx日志主要有两种：访问日志、错误日志。其中访问日志记录客户端访问nginx的每一个请求，包含用户地域来源、跳转来源、使用终端、某个URL访问量等信息，访问日志格式可以自定义；错误日志则记录客户端访问nginx出错时的日志，格式不支持自定义，通过错误日志，你可以得到系统某个服务或server的性能瓶颈等。两种日志都可以选择性关闭。
访问日志
log_format main ‘$remote_addr $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” $http_host ‘
‘$status $upstream_status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” $ssl_protocol $ssl_cipher $upstream_addr ‘
‘$request_time $upstream_response_time';
变量名称
变量描述
举例说明
$remote_addr
客户端地址
113.140.15.90
$remote_user
客户端用户名称
–
$time_local
访问时间和时区
18/Jul/2012:17:00:01 +0800
$request
请求的URI和HTTP协议
“GET /pa/img/home/logo-alipay-t.png HTTP/1.1”
$http_host
请求地址，即浏览器中你输入的地址（IP或域名）
img.alipay.com
10.253.70.103
$status
HTTP请求状态
200
$upstream_status
upstream状态
200
$body_bytes_sent
发送给客户端文件内容大小
547
$http_referer
跳转来源
“https://cashier.alipay.com…/”
$http_user_agent
用户终端代理
“Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; GTB7.0; .NET4.0C;
$ssl_protocol
SSL协议版本
TLSv1
$ssl_cipher
交换数据中的算法
RC4-SHA
$upstream_addr
后台upstream的地址，即真正提供服务的主机地址
10.228.35.247:80
$request_time
整个请求的总时间
0.205
$upstream_response_time
请求过程中，upstream响应时间
0.002
线上实例：
116.9.137.90 – “GET /images/XX/20100324752729.png HTTP/1.1″img.alipay.com 200 200 2038 https://cashier.alipay.com/XX/PaymentResult.htm?payNo=XX&outBizNo=2012XX “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; Tablet PC 2.0; 360SE)” TLSv1 AES128-SHA 10.228.21.237:80 0.198 0.001
线下测试（$http_referer）：
10.14.21.197 – – “GET /spanner/watch/v1?–db=ztg-1&–mode=compare&–index=status&–option=&–cluster=whole&-F=2012%2F8%2F12-00%3A00%3A00&-T=%2B2880&-i=1&-n=0&_=1344936501292 HTTP/1.1” 200 94193 “http://spanner.alipay.net/optionFrame/history.html” “Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.60 Safari/537.1”
备注：$http_referer和重定向有关。
错误日志
错误信息错误说明“upstream prematurely（过早的） closed connection”请求uri的时候出现的异常，是由于upstream还未返回应答给用户时用户断掉连接造成的，对系统没有影响，可以忽略“recv() failed (104: Connection reset by peer)”（1）服务器的并发连接数超过了其承载量，服务器会将其中一些连接Down掉； （2）客户关掉了浏览器，而服务器还在给客户端发送数据； （3）浏览器端按了Stop“(111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream”用户在连接时，若遇到后端upstream挂掉或者不通，会收到该错误“(111: Connection refused) while reading response header from upstream”用户在连接成功后读取数据时，若遇到后端upstream挂掉或者不通，会收到该错误“(111: Connection refused) while sending request to upstream”Nginx和upstream连接成功后发送数据时，若遇到后端upstream挂掉或者不通，会收到该错误“(110: Connection timed out) while connecting to upstream”nginx连接后面的upstream时超时“(110: Connection timed out) while reading upstream”nginx读取来自upstream的响应时超时
“(110: Connection timed out) while reading response header from upstream”nginx读取来自upstream的响应头时超时“(110: Connection timed out) while reading upstream”nginx读取来自upstream的响应时超时“(104: Connection reset by peer) while connecting to upstream”upstream发送了RST，将连接重置“upstream sent invalid header while reading response header from upstream”upstream发送的响应头无效“upstream sent no valid HTTP/1.0 header while reading response header from upstream”upstream发送的响应头无效“client intended to send too large body”用于设置允许接受的客户端请求内容的最大值，默认值是1M，client发送的body超过了设置值“reopening logs”用户发送kill-USR1命令“gracefully shutting down”,用户发送kill-WINCH命令“no servers are inside upstream”upstream下未配置server“no live upstreams while connecting to upstream”upstream下的server全都挂了“SSL_do_handshake() failed”SSL握手失败“SSL_write() failed (SSL:) while sending to client” “(13: Permission denied) while reading upstream” “(98: Address already in use) while connecting to upstream” “(99: Cannot assign requested address) while connecting to upstream” “ngx_slab_alloc() failed: no memory in SSL session shared cache”ssl_session_cache大小不够等原因造成“could not add new SSL session to the session cache while SSL handshaking”ssl_session_cache大小不够等原因造成“send() failed (111: Connection refused)”以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/doseoer/p/7064962.html
文档来源：服务器之家http://www.zzvips.com/article/128552.html
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