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Mike 发表于 2021-8-11 12:33:49

nginx日志导入elasticsearch的方法示例

将nginx日志通过filebeat收集后传入logstash，经过logstash处理后写入elasticsearch。filebeat只负责收集工作，logstash完成日志的格式化，数据的替换，拆分 ，以及将日志写入elasticsearch后的索引的创建。
1、配置nginx日志格式


log_format main    '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local] $server_name $request '
            '$status $body_bytes_sent $http_referer '
            '"$http_user_agent" '
            '"$connection" '
            '"$http_cookie" '
            '$request_time '
            '$upstream_response_time';
2、安装配置filebeat，启用nginx module


tar -zxvf filebeat-6.2.4-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
cd /usr/local;ln -s filebeat-6.2.4-linux-x86_64 filebeat
cd /usr/local/filebeat
启用nginx模块


./filebeat modules enable nginx
查看模块


./filebeat modules list
创建配置文件


vim /usr/local/filebeat/blog_module_logstash.yml
filebeat.modules:
- module: nginx
access:
enabled: true
var.paths: ["/home/weblog/blog.cnfol.com_access.log"]
#error:
# enabled: true
# var.paths: ["/home/weblogerr/blog.cnfol.com_error.log"]


output.logstash:
hosts: ["192.168.15.91:5044"]
启动filebeat


./filebeat -c blog_module_logstash.yml -e
3、配置logstash


tar -zxvf logstash-6.2.4.tar.gz /usr/local
cd /usr/local;ln -s logstash-6.2.4 logstash
创建一个nginx日志的pipline文件
cd /usr/local/logstash
logstash内置的模板目录


vendor/bundle/jruby/2.3.0/gems/logstash-patterns-core-4.1.2/patterns
编辑 grok-patterns 添加一个支持多ip的正则


FORWORD (?:%{IPV4}[,]?[ ]?)+|%{WORD}
官方grok
http://grokdebug.herokuapp.com/patterns#
创建logstash pipline配置文件


#input {
# stdin {}
#}
# 从filebeat接受数据
input {
beats {
port => 5044
host => "0.0.0.0"
}
}

filter {
# 添加一个调试的开关
mutate{add_field => {"[@metadata]"=>true}}
grok {
# 过滤nginx日志
#match => { "message" => "%{NGINXACCESS_TEST2}" }
#match => { "message" => '%{IPORHOST:clientip} # (?<http_x_forwarded_for>[^\#]*) # \[%{HTTPDATE:[@metadata]}\] # %{NOTSPACE:hostname} # %{WORD:verb} %{URIPATHPARAM:request} HTTP/%{NUMBER:httpversion} # %{NUMBER:response} # (?:%{NUMBER:bytes}|-) # (?:"(?:%{NOTSPACE:referrer}|-)"|%{NOTSPACE:referrer}|-) # (?:"(?<http_user_agent>[^#]*)") # (?:"(?:%{NUMBER:connection}|-)"|%{NUMBER:connection}|-) # (?:"(?<cookies>[^#]*)") # %{NUMBER:request_time:float} # (?:%{NUMBER:upstream_response_time:float}|-)' }
#match => { "message" => '(?:%{IPORHOST:clientip}|-) (?:%{TWO_IP:http_x_forwarded_for}|%{IPV4:http_x_forwarded_for}|-) \[%{HTTPDATE:[@metadata]}\] (?:%{HOSTNAME:hostname}|-) %{WORD:method} %{URIPATHPARAM:request} HTTP/%{NUMBER:httpversion} %{NUMBER:response} (?:%{NUMBER:bytes}|-) (?:"(?:%{NOTSPACE:referrer}|-)"|%{NOTSPACE:referrer}|-) %{QS:agent} (?:"(?:%{NUMBER:connection}|-)"|%{NUMBER:connection}|-) (?:"(?<cookies>[^#]*)") %{NUMBER:request_time:float} (?:%{NUMBER:upstream_response_time:float}|-)' }
    match => { "message" => '(?:%{IPORHOST:clientip}|-) %{FORWORD:http_x_forwarded_for} \[%{HTTPDATE:[@metadata]}\] (?:%{HOSTNAME:hostname}|-) %{WORD:method} %{URIPATHPARAM:request} HTTP/%{NUMBER:httpversion} %{NUMBER:response} (?:%{NUMBER:bytes}|-) (?:"(?:%{NOTSPACE:referrer}|-)"|%{NOTSPACE:referrer}|-) %{QS:agent} (?:"(?:%{NUMBER:connection}|-)"|%{NUMBER:connection}|-) %{QS:cookie} %{NUMBER:request_time:float} (?:%{NUMBER:upstream_response_time:float}|-)' }
}
# 将默认的@timestamp(beats收集日志的时间)的值赋值给新字段@read_tiimestamp
ruby {
#code => "event.set('@read_timestamp',event.get('@timestamp'))"
#将时区改为东8区
code => "event.set('@read_timestamp',event.get('@timestamp').time.localtime + 8*60*60)"
}
# 将nginx的日志记录时间格式化
# 格式化时间 20/May/2015:21:05:56 +0000
date {
locale => "en"
match => ["[@metadata]","dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss Z"]
}
# 将bytes字段由字符串转换为数字
mutate {
convert => {"bytes" => "integer"}
}
# 将cookie字段解析成一个json
#mutate {
# gsub => ["cookies",'\;',',']
#}
# 如果有使用到cdn加速http_x_forwarded_for会有多个ip，第一个ip是用户真实ip
if =~ ", "{
   ruby {
         code => 'event.set("http_x_forwarded_for", event.get("http_x_forwarded_for").split(","))'
      }
    }
# 解析ip，获得ip的地理位置
geoip {
source => "http_x_forwarded_for"
# # 只获取ip的经纬度、国家、城市、时区
fields => ["location","country_name","city_name","region_name"]
}
# 将agent字段解析,获得浏览器、系统版本等具体信息
useragent {
source => "agent"
target => "useragent"
}
#指定要删除的数据
#mutate{remove_field=>["message"]}
# 根据日志名设置索引名的前缀
ruby {
code => 'event.set("@",event.get("source").split("/")[-1])'
}
# 将@timestamp 格式化为2019.04.23
ruby {
code => 'event.set("@",event.get("@timestamp").time.localtime.strftime("%Y.%m.%d"))'
}
# 设置输出的默认索引名
mutate {
add_field => {
#"[@metadata]" => "%{@}_%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
"[@metadata]" => "%{@}_%{@}"
}
}
# 将cookies字段解析成json
# mutate {
# gsub => [
#"cookies", ";", ",",
#"cookies", "=", ":"
# ]
# #split => {"cookies" => ","}
# }
# json_encode {
# source => "cookies"
# target => "cookies_json"
# }
# mutate {
# gsub => [
#"cookies_json", ',', '","',
#"cookies_json", ':', '":"'
# ]
# }
# json {
# source => "cookies_json"
# target => "cookies2"
# }
# 如果grok解析存在错误，将错误独立写入一个索引
if "_grokparsefailure" in {
#if "_dateparsefailure" in {
mutate {
replace => {
#"[@metadata]" => "%{@}_failure_%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
"[@metadata]" => "%{@}_failure_%{@}"
}
}
# 如果不存在错误就删除message
}else{
mutate{remove_field=>["message"]}
}
}

output {
if [@metadata]{
# 输出到rubydebuyg并输出metadata
stdout{codec => rubydebug{metadata => true}}
}else{
# 将输出内容转换成 "."
stdout{codec => dots}
# 将输出到指定的es
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["192.168.15.160:9200"]
index => "%{[@metadata]}"
document_type => "doc"
}
}
}
启动logstash


nohup bin/logstash -f test_pipline2.conf &
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
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