详解Nginx搭建图片服务器过程
在此之前如果你是一个Nginx新手可以先参阅:Windows nginx安装教程及简单实践
本章知识点
效果图:
需求:实现图片的上传和批量上传
技术:Nginx,Vsftpd,Spring,SpringMVC,KindEditor,CentOS
说明:本章节内容主要是实现图片的上传功能。使用 KindEditer 是为了更好的演示图片的上传,回显,批量效果。后台代码与KindEditer没有直接关系,放心阅读。另外源码中有Mybatis的jar,不用理会,本章内容用不到,是为后续内容做准备!
源码:见文章底部
场景:用户将图片上传到 tomcat 服务器上,再由 tomcat 服务器通过FTP上传到 Nginx 服务器上。
项目结构:
单元测试
首先要攻破核心技术。通过单元测试实现图片上传的功能。
package com.itdragon.test;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTP;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClient;
import org.junit.Test;
public class PictureFTPTest {
// 测试 ftp 上传图片功能
@Test
public void testFtpClient() throws Exception {
// 1. 创建一个FtpClient对象
FTPClient ftpClient = new FTPClient();
// 2. 创建 ftp 连接
ftpClient.connect("192.168.0.11", 21);
// 3. 登录 ftp 服务器
ftpClient.login("ftpuser", "root");
// 4. 读取本地文件
FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\\hello.png"));
// 5. 设置上传的路径
ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory("/usr/local/nginx/html/images");
// 6. 修改上传文件的格式为二进制
ftpClient.setFileType(FTP.BINARY_FILE_TYPE);
// 7. 服务器存储文件,第一个参数是存储在服务器的文件名,第二个参数是文件流
ftpClient.storeFile("hello.jpg", inputStream);
// 8. 关闭连接
ftpClient.logout();
}
}
说明:这里的ip地址,端口,ftp用户名,密码,本地文件路径,以及Nginx服务器图片路径等,这些字符串参数都要根据自己实际设置的来填写的。如果你的Nginx和Vsftpd安装是按照我提供的链接来做的。那你只需要改ip地址即可。
Maven 的Web 项目
搭建Maven的Web 项目,之前有写过。这里就不过多描述。
项目核心配置文件
首先是 Maven 的核心文件 pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.itdragon.upload</groupId>
<artifactId>pictrue-service</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<!-- 集中定义依赖版本号 -->
<properties>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
<mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
<mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version>
<mybatis.paginator.version>1.2.15</mybatis.paginator.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
<slf4j.version>1.6.4</slf4j.version>
<jackson.version>2.4.2</jackson.version>
<druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version>
<httpclient.version>4.3.5</httpclient.version>
<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
<servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version>
<jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
<joda-time.version>2.5</joda-time.version>
<commons-lang3.version>3.3.2</commons-lang3.version>
<commons-io.version>1.3.2</commons-io.version>
<commons-net.version>3.3</commons-net.version>
<pagehelper.version>3.4.2</pagehelper.version>
<jsqlparser.version>0.9.1</jsqlparser.version>
<commons-fileupload.version>1.3.1</commons-fileupload.version>
<jedis.version>2.7.2</jedis.version>
<solrj.version>4.10.3</solrj.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 时间操作组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>joda-time</groupId>
<artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
<version>${joda-time.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Apache工具组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>${commons-io.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-net</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-net</artifactId>
<version>${commons-net.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Jackson Json处理工具包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- httpclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>${httpclient.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志处理 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.miemiedev</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-paginator</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.paginator.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
<version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSP相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 文件上传组件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Redis客户端 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
<artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
<version>${jedis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- solr客户端 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.solr</groupId>
<artifactId>solr-solrj</artifactId>
<version>${solrj.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
<plugins>
<!-- 资源文件拷贝插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.7</version>
<configuration>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- java编译插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
说明:和文件上传有直接关系的是:
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
</dependency>
然后是 Web 项目的核心文件 web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="taotao" version="2.5">
<display-name>pictrue-service</display-name>
<!-- 加载spring容器 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 解决post乱码 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- springmvc的前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>pictrue-service</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>pictrue-service</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
再是 SpringMVC 配置文件 springmvc.xml,需要添加文件上传解析器
<!-- 定义文件上传解析器 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 设定默认编码 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
<!-- 设定文件上传的最大值5MB,5*1024*1024 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="5242880"></property>
</bean>
最后是 Ftp 配置文件 resource.properties
FTP_ADDRESS=192.168.0.11
FTP_PORT=21
FTP_USERNAME=ftpuser
FTP_PASSWORD=root
FTP_BASE_PATH=/usr/local/nginx/html/images
IMAGE_BASE_URL=http://192.168.0.11/images
Service 层
上传图片的接口 PictureService.java
package com.itdragon.service;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
public interface PictureService {
/**
* 上传,批量上传接口
* @param uploadFile
* @return
*/
Map uploadPicture(MultipartFile uploadFile);
}
上传图片接口实现类 PictureServiceImpl.java
package com.itdragon.service.impl;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTP;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPClient;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.FTPReply;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import com.itdragon.service.PictureService;
@Service
@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
public class PictureServiceImpl implements PictureService {
// 通过 Spring4 的 Value注解,获取配置文件中的属性值
@Value("${FTP_ADDRESS}")
private String FTP_ADDRESS; // ftp 服务器ip地址
@Value("${FTP_PORT}")
private Integer FTP_PORT; // ftp 服务器port,默认是21
@Value("${FTP_USERNAME}")
private String FTP_USERNAME;// ftp 服务器用户名
@Value("${FTP_PASSWORD}")
private String FTP_PASSWORD;// ftp 服务器密码
@Value("${FTP_BASE_PATH}")
private String FTP_BASE_PATH;// ftp 服务器存储图片的绝对路径
@Value("${IMAGE_BASE_URL}")
private String IMAGE_BASE_URL; // ftp 服务器外网访问图片路径
@Override
public Map uploadPicture(MultipartFile uploadFile) {
Map resultMap = new HashMap<>();
try {
// 1. 取原始文件名
String oldName = uploadFile.getOriginalFilename();
// 2. ftp 服务器的文件名
String newName = oldName;
//图片上传
boolean result = uploadFile(FTP_ADDRESS, FTP_PORT, FTP_USERNAME, FTP_PASSWORD,
uploadFile.getInputStream(), FTP_BASE_PATH, newName);
//返回结果
if(!result) {
resultMap.put("error", 1);
resultMap.put("message", "upload Fail");
return resultMap;
}
resultMap.put("error", 0);
resultMap.put("url", IMAGE_BASE_URL + "/" + newName);
return resultMap;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
resultMap.put("error", 1);
resultMap.put("message", "upload Fail");
return resultMap;
}
}
/**
* ftp 上传图片方法
* @param ip ftp 服务器ip地址
* @param port ftp 服务器port,默认是21
* @param account ftp 服务器用户名
* @param passwd ftp 服务器密码
* @param inputStream文件流
* @param workingDirftp 服务器存储图片的绝对路径
* @param fileName 上传到ftp 服务器文件名
* @throws Exception
*
*/
public boolean uploadFile(String ip, Integer port, String account, String passwd,
InputStream inputStream, String workingDir, String fileName) throws Exception{
boolean result = false;
// 1. 创建一个FtpClient对象
FTPClient ftpClient = new FTPClient();
try {
// 2. 创建 ftp 连接
ftpClient.connect(ip, port);
// 3. 登录 ftp 服务器
ftpClient.login(account, passwd);
int reply = ftpClient.getReplyCode(); // 获取连接ftp 状态返回值
System.out.println("code : " + reply);
if (!FTPReply.isPositiveCompletion(reply)) {
ftpClient.disconnect(); // 如果返回状态不再 200 ~ 300 则认为连接失败
return result;
}
// 4. 读取本地文件
// FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("F:\\hello.png"));
// 5. 设置上传的路径
ftpClient.changeWorkingDirectory(workingDir);
// 6. 修改上传文件的格式为二进制
ftpClient.setFileType(FTP.BINARY_FILE_TYPE);
// 7. 服务器存储文件,第一个参数是存储在服务器的文件名,第二个参数是文件流
if (!ftpClient.storeFile(fileName, inputStream)) {
return result;
}
// 8. 关闭连接
inputStream.close();
ftpClient.logout();
result = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
// FIXME 听说,项目里面最好少用try catch 捕获异常,这样会导致Spring的事务回滚出问题???难道之前写的代码都是假代码!!!
if (ftpClient.isConnected()) {
try {
ftpClient.disconnect();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
}
}
}
return result;
}
}
说明:
① @Value 注解是Spring4 中提供的,@Value("${XXX}")
② 返回值是一个Map,并且key有error,url,message。这是根据KindEditer的语法要求来的。
Controller 层
负责页面跳转的 PageController.java
package com.itdragon.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class PageController {
/**
* 打开首页
*/
@RequestMapping("/")
public String showIndex() {
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/{page}")
public String showpage(@PathVariable String page) {
System.out.println("page : " + page);
return page;
}
}
负责图片上传的 PictureController.java
package com.itdragon.controller;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.itdragon.service.PictureService;
@RestController
public class PictureController {
@Autowired
private PictureService pictureService;
@RequestMapping("pic/upload")
public String pictureUpload(@RequestParam(value = "fileUpload") MultipartFile uploadFile) {
String json = "";
try {
Map result = pictureService.uploadPicture(uploadFile);
// 浏览器擅长处理json格式的字符串,为了减少因为浏览器内核不同导致的bug,建议用json
json = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(result);
} catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return json;
}
}
说明:
① @RestController 也是Spring4 提供的,是 @Controller + @ResponseBody 的组合注解。
② Controller层的返回值是一个json格式的字符串。是考虑到浏览器对json解析兼容性比较好。
Views视图层
负责上传图片的jsp页面 pic-upload.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>ITDragon 图片上传</title>
</head>
<link href="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/themes/default/default.css" rel="external nofollow" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" src="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/kindeditor-all-min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" src="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/lang/zh_CN.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<h3>测试上传图片功能接口的form表单</h3>
<form action="pic/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="fileUpload" />
<input type="submit" value="上传文件" />
</form>
<hr />
<h3>借用KindEditor富文本编辑器实现批量上传图片</h3>
<textarea id="kindEditorDesc"></textarea>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
//初始化富文本编辑器
KindEditor.create("#kindEditorDesc", {
// name值,必须和Controller 的参数对应,不然会提示 400 的错误
filePostName : "fileUpload",
// action值,
uploadJson : '/pic/upload',
// 设置上传类型,分别为image、flash、media、file
dir : "image"
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
说明:pic-upload.jsp 分为两个部分,第一个部分是为了测试上传图片功能的form表单。第二个部分是为了更好的体验上传,批量上传,回显功能的KindEditer 富文本编辑器。
总结 Nginx 搭建服务器的思维 Java实现 Ftp上传图片的功能 KindEditer 上传图片的功能
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/itdragon/p/7864916.html
文档来源:服务器之家http://www.zzvips.com/article/37939.html
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