POOPE 发表于 2021-8-23 10:17:46

Nginx伪静态配置和常用Rewrite伪静态规则集锦

nginx里使用伪静态是直接在nginx.conf 中写规则的,并不需要像apache要开启写模块(mod_rewrite)才能进行伪静态。
nginx只需要打开nginx.conf配置文件,在server里面写需要的规则即可。
复制代码代码如下:



server

{

listen       80;

server_namebbs.jb51.net;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root/home/www/bbs;



error_page404                                             /404.htm;       #配置404错误页面

location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_passunix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

#下面就是伪静态了

location /{

rewrite ^(.*)/equip(d+).html$ $1/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=lists&catid=$2 last;

}

access_logaccess_log   off;

}
然后重启nginx服务器伪静态就生效了,这种维护起来很是不方便我们可以把它写在外部文件如bbs_nginx.conf中
在/home/www/bbs目录下创建bbs_nginx.conf文件并写入以下代码:
复制代码代码如下:


ocation /{

rewrite ^(.*)/equip(d+).html$ $1/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=lists&catid=$2 last;

} 然后在上面的代码后面加上如下代码:
复制代码代码如下:


include /home/www/bbs/bbs_nginx.conf; 这样网站根目录中的bbs_nginx.conf伪静态规则,即可实现单独管理。
下面是一个实例:
1. 在使用.htaccess文件的目录下新建一个.htaccess文件,如下面一个Discuz论坛目录:
复制代码代码如下:


vim /var/www/html/jb51/bbs/.htaccess 2. 在里面输入规则,我这里输入Discuz的伪静态规则(这里仅增加Discuz的伪静态规则):
复制代码代码如下:


# nginx rewriterule

rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-+.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/forum-(+)-(+).html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/thread-(+)-(+)-(+).html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page%3D$4&page=$3 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+).html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+).html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+).html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last;

# end nginx rewrite rule wq保存退出。
3. 修改nginx配置文件:
复制代码代码如下:


vim/etc/nginx/nginx.conf 4. 在需要添加伪静态的虚拟主机的server{}中引入.htaccess文件:
复制代码代码如下:


include /var/www/html/jb51/bbs/.htaccess; (备注:把路径改成你.htaccess文件的具体位置) wq保存退出。
5. 重新加载nginx配置文件:
复制代码代码如下:


/etc/init.d/nginx reload Nginx常用Rewrite伪静态规则:
伪静态规则是我们做伪静态的一个非常重的参数了,如果我们能理解得越多就可以快速的写出最优的伪静态代码了,下面给大家整理了一些例子,希望能给你有帮助。
本日志内容来自互联网和平日使用经验,整理一下方便日后参考。
正则表达式匹配,其中:
复制代码代码如下:


* ~ 为区分大小写匹配

* ~* 为不区分大小写匹配

* !~和!~*分别为区分大小写不匹配及不区分大小写不匹配

文件及目录匹配,其中:

* -f和!-f用来判断是否存在文件

* -d和!-d用来判断是否存在目录

* -e和!-e用来判断是否存在文件或目录

* -x和!-x用来判断文件是否可执行

flag标记有:

* last 相当于Apache里的标记,表示完成rewrite

* break 终止匹配, 不再匹配后面的规则

* redirect 返回302临时重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址

* permanent 返回301永久重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址一些可用的全局变量有,可以用做条件判断(待补全)
复制代码代码如下:


$args

$content_length

$content_type

$document_root

$document_uri

$host

$http_user_agent

$http_cookie

$limit_rate

$request_body_file

$request_method

$remote_addr

$remote_port

$remote_user

$request_filename

$request_uri

$query_string

$scheme

$server_protocol

$server_addr

$server_name

$server_port

$uri结合QeePHP的例子
复制代码代码如下:


if (!-d $request_filename) {

rewrite ^/(+)/(+)/?(.*)$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1&action=$2&$3 last;

rewrite ^/(+)/?$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1 last;

break;多目录转成参数
复制代码代码如下:


abc.domian.com/sort/2 => abc.domian.com/index.php?act=sort&name=abc&id=2

if ($host ~* (.*)/.domain/.com) {

set $sub_name $1;

rewrite ^/sort//(/d+)//?$ /index.php?act=sort&cid=$sub_name&id=$1 last;

}目录对换
复制代码代码如下:


/123456/xxxx -> /xxxx?id=123456

rewrite ^/(/d+)/(.+)/ /$2?id=$1 last;

例如下面设定nginx在用户使用ie的使用重定向到/nginx-ie目录下:

if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) {

rewrite ^(.*)$ /nginx-ie/$1 break;

}目录自动加“/”
复制代码代码如下:


if (-d $request_filename){

rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;

}禁止htaccess
复制代码代码如下:


location ~//.ht {

deny all;

}禁止多个目录
复制代码代码如下:


location ~ ^/(cron|templates)/ {

deny all;

break;

}禁止以/data开头的文件
可以禁止/data/下多级目录下.log.txt等请求;
复制代码代码如下:


location ~ ^/data {

deny all;

}禁止单个目录
不能禁止.log.txt能请求
复制代码代码如下:


location /searchword/cron/ {

deny all;

}禁止单个文件
复制代码代码如下:


location ~ /data/sql/data.sql {

deny all;

}给favicon.ico和robots.txt设置过期时间;
这里为favicon.ico为99天,robots.txt为7天并不记录404错误日志
复制代码代码如下:


location ~(favicon.ico) {

log_not_found off;

expires 99d;

break;

}

location ~(robots.txt) {

log_not_found off;

expires 7d;

break;

}设定某个文件的过期时间;这里为600秒,并不记录访问日志
复制代码代码如下:


location ^~ /html/scripts/loadhead_1.js {

access_log off;

root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;

expires 600;

break;

}文件反盗链并设置过期时间
这里的return 412 为自定义的http状态码,默认为403,方便找出正确的盗链的请求
复制代码代码如下:


“rewrite ^/ //www.zzvips.com/jb51.gif;”显示一张防盗链图片

“access_log off;”不记录访问日志,减轻压力

“expires 3d”所有文件3天的浏览器缓存

location ~* ^.+/.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf|rar|zip|css|js)$ {

valid_referers none blocked *.jb51.net *.jbzj.net localhost 1.1.1.1;

if ($invalid_referer) {

rewrite ^/ //www.zzvips.com/jb51.gif;

return 412;

break;

}

access_log off;

root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;

expires 3d;

break;

}只允许固定ip访问网站,并加上密码
复制代码代码如下:


root /opt/htdocs/www;

allow 208.97.167.194;

allow 222.33.1.2;

allow 231.152.49.4;

deny all;

auth_basic “C1G_ADMIN”;

auth_basic_user_file htpasswd;将多级目录下的文件转成一个文件,增强seo效果
复制代码代码如下:


/job-123-456-789.html 指向/job/123/456/789.html

rewrite ^/job-(+)-(+)-(+)/.html$ /job/$1/$2/jobshow_$3.html last;将根目录下某个文件夹指向2级目录
如/shanghaijob/ 指向 /area/shanghai/
如果你将last改成permanent,那么浏览器地址栏显是/location/shanghai/
复制代码代码如下:


rewrite ^/(+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;上面例子有个问题是访问/shanghai 时将不会匹配
复制代码代码如下:


rewrite ^/(+)job$ /area/$1/ last;

rewrite ^/(+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;这样/shanghai 也可以访问了,但页面中的相对链接无法使用,
如./list_1.html真实地址是/area/shanghia/list_1.html会变成/list_1.html,导至无法访问。
那我加上自动跳转也是不行咯
复制代码代码如下:


(-d $request_filename)它有个条件是必需为真实目录,而我的rewrite不是的,所以没有效果

if (-d $request_filename){

rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;

}知道原因后就好办了,让我手动跳转吧
复制代码代码如下:


rewrite ^/(+)job$ /$1job/ permanent;

rewrite ^/(+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;文件和目录不存在的时候重定向:
复制代码代码如下:


if (!-e $request_filename) {

proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;

}域名跳转
复制代码代码如下:


server

{

listen 80;

server_name jump.c1gstudio.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;

rewrite ^/ //www.zzvips.com/;

access_log off;

}多域名转向
复制代码代码如下:


server_name www.c1gstudio.com www.c1gstudio.net;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /opt/lampp/htdocs;

if ($host ~ “c1gstudio/.net”) {

rewrite ^(.*) //www.zzvips.com$1 permanent;

}三级域名跳转
复制代码代码如下:


if ($http_host ~* “^(.*)/.i/.c1gstudio/.com$”) {

rewrite ^(.*) //www.zzvips.com$1;

break;

}域名镜像
复制代码代码如下:


server

{

listen 80;

server_name mirror.c1gstudio.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;

rewrite ^/(.*) //www.zzvips.com/$1 last;

access_log off;

}某个子目录作镜像
复制代码代码如下:


location ^~ /php {

rewrite ^.+ //www.zzvips.com/ last;

break;

}discuz ucenter home (uchome) rewrite
复制代码代码如下:


rewrite ^/(space|network)-(.+)/.html$ /$1.php?rewrite=$2 last;

rewrite ^/(space|network)/.html$ /$1.php last;

rewrite ^/(+)$ /space.php?uid=$1 last;

discuz 7 rewrite

rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-+/.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/forum-(+)-(+)/.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/thread-(+)-(+)-(+)/.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page/%3D$4&page=$3 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)/.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)/.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+)/.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last;

给discuz某版块单独配置域名

server_name bbs.jb51.net news.jb51.net;

location = / {

if ($http_host ~ news/.jb51.net$) {

rewrite ^.+ http://news.jb51.net/forum-831-1.html last;

break;

}

}

discuz ucenter 头像 rewrite 优化

location ^~ /ucenter {

location ~ .*/.php?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

location /ucenter/data/avatar {

log_not_found off;

access_log off;

location ~ /(.*)_big/.jpg$ {

error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_big.gif;

}

location ~ /(.*)_middle/.jpg$ {

error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_middle.gif;

}

location ~ /(.*)_small/.jpg$ {

error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_small.gif;

}

expires 300;

break;

}

}

jspace rewrite

location ~ .*/.php?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

location ~* ^/index.php/

{

rewrite ^/index.php/(.*) /index.php?$1 break;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}附现在常用cms替换
WordPress伪静态规则:
复制代码代码如下:


location / {

index index.html index.php;

if (-f $request_filename/index.html){

rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break;

}

if (-f $request_filename/index.php){

rewrite (.*) $1/index.php;

}

if (!-f $request_filename){

rewrite (.*) /index.php;

}

} PHPCMS伪静态规则:
复制代码代码如下:



location / {

###以下为PHPCMS 伪静态化rewrite法则

rewrite ^(.*)show-(+)-(+)\.html$ $1/show.php?itemid=$2&page=$3;

rewrite ^(.*)list-(+)-(+)\.html$ $1/list.php?catid=$2&page=$3;

rewrite ^(.*)show-(+)\.html$ $1/show.php?specialid=$2;



####以下为PHPWind 伪静态化rewrite法则

rewrite ^(.*)-htm-(.*)$ $1.php?$2 last;

rewrite ^(.*)/simple/(+\.html)$ $1/simple/index.php?$2 last;

}
ECSHOP伪静态规则:
复制代码代码如下:


if (!-e $request_filename)

{

rewrite "^/index\.html" /index.php last;

rewrite "^/category$" /index.php last;

rewrite "^/feed-c(+)\.xml$” /feed.php?cat=$1 last;

rewrite “^/feed-b(+)\.xml$” /feed.php?brand=$1 last;

rewrite “^/feed\.xml$” /feed.php last;

rewrite “^/category-(+)-b(+)-min(+)-max(+)-attr([^-]*)-(+)-(.+)-(+)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&price_min=$3&price_max=$4&filter_attr=$5&page=$6&sort=$7&order=$8 last;

rewrite “^/category-(+)-b(+)-min(+)-max(+)-attr([^-]*)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&price_min=$3&price_max=$4&filter_attr=$5 last;

rewrite “^/category-(+)-b(+)-(+)-(.+)-(+)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&page=$3&sort=$4&order=$5 last;

rewrite “^/category-(+)-b(+)-(+)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&page=$3 last;

rewrite “^/category-(+)-b(+)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2 last;

rewrite “^/category-(+)(.*)\.html$” /category.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/goods-(+)(.*)\.html” /goods.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/article_cat-(+)-(+)-(.+)-(+)(.*)\.html$” /article_cat.php?id=$1&page=$2&sort=$3&order=$4 last;

rewrite “^/article_cat-(+)-(+)(.*)\.html$” /article_cat.php?id=$1&page=$2 last;

rewrite “^/article_cat-(+)(.*)\.html$” /article_cat.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/article-(+)(.*)\.html$” /article.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/brand-(+)-c(+)-(+)-(.+)-(+)\.html” /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2&page=$3&sort=$4&order=$5 last;

rewrite “^/brand-(+)-c(+)-(+)(.*)\.html” /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2&page=$3 last;

rewrite “^/brand-(+)-c(+)(.*)\.html” /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2 last;

rewrite “^/brand-(+)(.*)\.html” /brand.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/tag-(.*)\.html” /search.php?keywords=$1 last;

rewrite “^/snatch-(+)\.html$” /snatch.php?id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/group_buy-(+)\.html$” /group_buy.php?act=view&id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/auction-(+)\.html$” /auction.php?act=view&id=$1 last;

rewrite “^/exchange-id(+)(.*)\.html$” /exchange.php?id=$1&act=view last;

rewrite “^/exchange-(+)-min(+)-max(+)-(+)-(.+)-(+)(.*)\.html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&integral_min=$2&integral_max=$3&page=$4&sort=$5&order=$6 last;

rewrite ^/exchange-(+)-(+)-(.+)-(+)(.*)\.html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&page=$2&sort=$3&order=$4 last;

rewrite “^/exchange-(+)-(+)(.*)\.html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&page=$2 last;

rewrite “^/exchange-(+)(.*)\.html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1 last;

} SHOPEX伪静态规则 :
复制代码代码如下:


location / {

if (!-e $request_filename) {

rewrite ^/(.+\.(html|xml|json|htm|php|jsp|asp|shtml))$ /index.php?$1 last;

}

} SaBlog 2.0:
复制代码代码如下:


# 只带月份的归档

rewrite "^/date/({6})/?(+)?/?$" /index.php?action=article&setdate=$1&page=$2 last;

# 无分类翻页

rewrite ^/page/(+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&page=$1 last;

# 分类

rewrite ^/category/(+)/?(+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&cid=$1&page=$2 last;

rewrite ^/category/([^/]+)/?(+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&curl=$1&page=$2 last;

# 归档、高级搜刮

rewrite ^/(archives|search|article|links)/?$ /index.php?action=$1 last;

# 全数批评、标签列表、引用列表 带分页

rewrite ^/(comments|tagslist|trackbacks|article)/?(+)?/?$ /index.php?action=$1&page=$2 last;

# tags

rewrite ^/tag/([^/]+)/?(+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&item=$1&page=$2 last;

# 文章

rewrite ^/archives/(+)/?(+)?/?$ /index.php?action=show&id=$1&page=$2 last;

# RSS rewrite ^/rss/(+)?/?$ /rss.php?cid=$1 last;

rewrite ^/rss/([^/]+)/?$ /rss.php?url=$1 last;

# 用户 rewrite ^/uid/(+)/?(+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&uid=$1&page=$2 last;

rewrite ^/user/([^/]+)/?(+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&user=$1&page=$2 last;

# 舆图文件

rewrite sitemap.xml sitemap.php last;

# 自界说链接

rewrite ^(.*)/(+)/?(+)?/?$ $1/index.php?action=show&alias=$2&page=$3 last; Discuz 7伪静态规则 :
复制代码代码如下:


rewrite ^/archiver/((fid|tid)-[\w\-]+\.html)$ /archiver/index.php?$1 last;

rewrite ^/forum-(+)-(+)\.html$ /forumdisplay.php?fid=$1&page=$2 last;

rewrite ^/thread-(+)-(+)-(+)\.html$ /viewthread.php?tid=$1&extra=page\%3D$3&page=$2 last;

rewrite ^/space-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ /space.php?$1=$2 last;

rewrite ^/tag-(.+)\.html$ /tag.php?name=$1 last; Typecho:
复制代码代码如下:


location / {

index index.html index.php;

if (-f $request_filename/index.html){

rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break;

}

if (-f $request_filename/index.php){

rewrite (.*) $1/index.php;

}

if (!-f $request_filename){

rewrite (.*) /index.php;

}

} 实例:shopex启用伪静态
复制代码代码如下:



……



    location /

    {

             if (!-e $request_filename) {

             rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?$1 last;

    }

    }

……

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