keepalived主备配置的方法
记录一些自己的心得以及方法，本着共同学习，互相进步为目的。本次总结了keepalived主备简单的配置，欢迎大家评论留言（以下是keepalived主备简单配置的方法，均在试验机上操作，并且在实际工程环境中有验证过，目前配置过的OS有centos7.7）。一、环境介绍： 1、系统环境：
root@test1:/root>cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)
root@test1:/root> 2、主机环境：
MASTER:
root@test1:/root>hostname -I
192.168.100.10
root@test1:/root> BACKUP:
root@test2:/root>hostname -I
192.168.100.20
root@test2:/root二、配置keepalived操作： 1、分别登录192.168.100.10、192.168.100.20，确定主机上安装了keepalived：
root@test1:/root>rpm -qa|grep keepalived
keepalived-1.3.5-16.el7.x86_64
root@test1:/root> 2、若没有安装keepalived，则进行一下操作：
root@test1:/root>rpm -e keepalived-1.3.5-16.el7.x86_64
root@test1:/root>rpm -qa|grep keepalived
root@test1:/root>
root@test1:/root>cd /tmp
root@test1:/tmp>rz -e
rz waiting to receive.
Starting zmodem transfer.Press Ctrl+C to cancel.
Transferring keepalived-1.2.13-6.el7.x86_64.rpm...
100% 223 KB 223 KB/sec 00:00:01 0 Errors
root@test1:/tmp>ls -ltr
total 224
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 228672 Jun 23 10:53 keepalived-1.2.13-6.el7.x86_64.rpm
root@test1:/tmp>
root@test1:/tmp>
root@test1:/tmp>
root@test1:/tmp>rpm -ivh keepalived-1.2.13-6.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: keepalived-1.2.13-6.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing... #################################
Updating / installing...
1:keepalived-1.2.13-6.el7 #################################
root@test1:/tmp> 3、配置keepalived：
MATER：
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ls -ltr
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3562 Jun 23 10:54 keepalived.conf.bak
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3516 Jun 23 10:55 keepalived.conf
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>vi keepalived.conf
......
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER //主用则为master，备用为backup
interface ens37 //根据实际情况修改为对应的网口
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.100.9 //根据实际情况修改为浮动IP
}
...... BACKUP：
root@test2:/tmp>cd /etc/keepalived/
root@test2:/etc/keepalived>cp keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.bak
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ls -ltr
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3562 Mar62015 keepalived.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3562 Jun 23 10:59 keepalived.conf.bak
root@test2:/etc/keepalived>vi keepalived.conf
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP //主用则为master，备用为backup
interface ens33 //根据实际情况修改为对应的网口
virtual_router_id 51
priority 50 //优先级修改为50，比主用的优先级小就行
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.100.9 //根据实际情况修改为浮动IP
} 4、启动服务：
MASTER：
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>service keepalived start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start keepalived.service
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ps -ef | grep keepalived
root 2752 10 16:35 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 2753 27520 16:35 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 2754 27520 16:35 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 2920 24350 16:52 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived
root@test1:/etc/keepalived> BACKUP：
root@test2:/etc/keepalived>service keepalived start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start keepalived.service
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ps -ef|grep keepalived
root 2104 10 11:06 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 2105 21040 11:06 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 2106 21040 11:06 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 2108 17980 11:06 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived
root@test1:/etc/keepalived> 5、加入开机自启动（两台都操作）：
root@test2:/etc/keepalived>systemctl list-unit-files |grep keepalived
keepalived.service disabled
root@test2:/etc/keepalived>chkconfig keepalived on
Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable keepalived.service'.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service.
root@test2:/etc/keepalived>systemctl list-unit-files |grep keepalived
keepalived.service enabled
root@test2:/etc/keepalived> 6、检查主keepalived是否有浮动IP：
在主用上有浮动IP即为配置正常，现象如下：
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:d1:5f:bc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:d1:5f:c6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.100.10/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global ens37
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.100.9/32 scope global ens37 //MASTER上有浮动IP即为正常
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fed1:5fc6/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>三、测试： 1、宕机主用keepalived，浮动切到备用上，现象如下：
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>service keepalived stop
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop keepalived.service
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ps -ef|grep keepalived
root 2177 17980 11:08 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>root@test2:/etc/keepalived>ip a
......
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:d1:5f:bc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.100.20/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.100.9/32 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::8c23:eb29:ae15:f2d6/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@test2:/etc/keepalived> 由以上可以看出，浮动192.168.100.9已经切到backup上。
2、接着把master上的keepalive起来：
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>service keepalived start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start keepalived.service
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ps -ef|grep keepalived
root 2200 10 11:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 2201 22000 11:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 2202 22000 11:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 2204 17980 11:11 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepalived
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>ip a
......
3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:d1:5f:c6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.100.10/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global ens37
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.100.9/32 scope global ens37
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fed1:5fc6/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@test1:/etc/keepalived>把master上的keepalived起来后，浮动切回master上，因为priority优先级高。
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