[Java] 详解SpringBoot读取resource目录下properties文件的常见方式

• 配置文件为SpringBoot默认的application.properties文件中的自定义参数
  
• 加载自定义properties文件中的自定义参数，比如xxx.properties的自定义参数
  

准备工作

server.port=8081
 
# 自定义参数->都是person.变量名的形式
 
person.id=1
person.name=szh
 
# list/set/数组->两种写法
person.hobby=play,read,write
person.family[0]=father
person.family[1]=mother
 
# map->两种写法
person.map.key1=value1
person.map[key2]=value2
 
# Entity对象->Pet实体类
person.pet.type=dog
person.pet.name=旺财

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;
 
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
public class Pet implements Serializable {
 private String type;
 private String name;
}

方式一 ： @ConfigurationProperties

import com.szh.test.entity.Pet;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
 
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Data
public class PersonConfig {
 private int id;
 private String name;
 private List hobby;
 private String[] family;
 private Map map;
 private Pet pet;
 
}

@Autowired
 private PersonConfig personConfig;
 
 @RequestMapping("/hello1")
 public void hello1() {
 System.out.println(personConfig.getFamily());
 System.out.println(personConfig.getHobby());
 System.out.println(personConfig.getMap());
 System.out.println(personConfig.getId());
 System.out.println(personConfig.getName());
 System.out.println(personConfig.getPet().getName());
 }

方式二：@Value

@Value("${person.id}")
 private int id;
 @Value("${person.name}")
 private String name;
 @Value("${person.hobby}")
 private List hobby;
 @Value("${person.family}")
 private String[] family;
 @Value("${person.map}")
 private Map map;
 @Value("${person.pet}")
 private Pet pet;

方式三：使用Environment获取

@Autowired
 private Environment env;
 
 @RequestMapping("/hello1")
 public void hello1() throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
 
 String id = env.getProperty("person.id");
 // 中文
 String name = new String(env.getProperty("person.name").getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "UTF-8");
 List hobby = new ArrayList();
 hobby.add(env.getProperty("person.hobby[0]"));
 hobby.add(env.getProperty("person.hobby[1]"));
 String[] family;
 Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
 map.put("key1", env.getProperty("person.map.key1"));
 map.put("key2", env.getProperty("person.map.key2"));
 
 Pet pet = new Pet(env.getProperty("person.pet.type"),env.getProperty("person.pet.name"));
 }

准备工作:在resource/目录下新建一个自定义配置文件szh.properties

person.id=1
person.name=szh
 
# list/set/数组->两种写法
person.hobby=play,read,write
person.family[0]=father
person.family[1]=mother
 
# map->两种写法
person.map.key1=value1
person.map[key2]=value2
 
# Entity对象
person.pet.type=dog
person.pet.name=旺财

方式一: @PropertySource+@ConfigurationProperties

@Component
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:szh.properties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Data
public class PersonConfig {
 private int id;
 private String name;
 private List hobby;
 private String[] family;
 private Map map;
 private Pet pet;
 
}

方式二：@PropertySource+@Value

@Component
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:szh.properties")
@Data
public class PersonConfig {
 @Value("${person.id}")
 private int id;
 @Value("${person.name}")
 private String name;
 @Value("${person.hobby}")
 private List hobby;
 @Value("${person.family}")
 private String[] family;
 @Value("${person.map}")
 private Map map;
 @Value("${person.pet}")
 private Pet pet;
 
}

方式三：Properties加载

//读取资源配置文件
 InputStream is = Bean.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("szh.properties");
 prop = new Properties();
 String className = "person.name";//可以作为一个函数的变量
 try {
  prop.load(is);
  String pathName = prop.getProperty(className);
 } catch (Exception e) {
  throw new RuntimeException("xxxx");
 }