[Oracle] Oracle例外用法实例详解

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
DECLARE
 V_ENAME EMP.ENAME%TYPE;
BEGIN
 SELECT ENAME INTO V_ENAME FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO = &GNO;
 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('名字：' || V_ENAME);
END;
/

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
DECLARE
 V_ENAME EMP.ENAME%TYPE;
BEGIN
 SELECT ENAME INTO V_ENAME FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO = &GNO;
 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('名字：' || V_ENAME);
EXCEPTION
 WHEN no_data_found THEN
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('编号未找到！');
END;
/

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE SP_PRO6(SPNO NUMBER) IS
 V_SAL EMP.SAL%TYPE;
BEGIN
 SELECT SAL INTO V_SAL FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO = SPNO;
 CASE
  WHEN V_SAL < 1000 THEN
   UPDATE EMP SET SAL = SAL + 100 WHERE EMPNO = SPNO;
  WHEN V_SAL < 2000 THEN
   UPDATE EMP SET SAL = SAL + 200 WHERE EMPNO = SPNO;
 END CASE;
EXCEPTION
 WHEN CASE_NOT_FOUND THEN
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('case语句没有与' || V_SAL || '相匹配的条件');
END;
/
--调用存储过程
SQL> EXEC SP_PRO6(7369);

DECLARE
 CURSOR EMP_CURSOR IS
  SELECT ENAME, SAL FROM EMP;
BEGIN
 OPEN EMP_CURSOR; --声明时游标已打开，所以没必要再次打开
 FOR EMP_RECORD1 IN EMP_CURSOR LOOP
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(EMP_RECORD1.ENAME);
 END LOOP;
EXCEPTION
 WHEN CURSOR_ALREADY_OPEN THEN
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('游标已经打开');
END;
/

BEGIN
 INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (10, '公关部', '北京');
EXCEPTION
 WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('在deptno列上不能出现重复值');
END;
/

DECLARE
 CURSOR EMP_CURSOR IS
  SELECT ENAME, SAL FROM EMP;
 EMP_RECORD EMP_CURSOR%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
 --open emp_cursor; --打开游标
 FETCH EMP_CURSOR INTO EMP_RECORD;
 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(EMP_RECORD.ENAME);
 CLOSE EMP_CURSOR;
EXCEPTION
 WHEN INVALID_CURSOR THEN
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('请检测游标是否打开');
END;
/

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
BEGIN
 UPDATE EMP SET SAL = SAL + 'AAA';
EXCEPTION
 WHEN INVALID_NUMBER THEN
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('输入的数字不正确');
END;
/

SET serveroutput ON;
DECLARE
 V_SAL EMP.SAL%TYPE;
BEGIN
 SELECT SAL INTO V_SAL FROM EMP WHERE ENAME = 'ljq';
EXCEPTION
 WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('不存在该员工');
END;
/

DECLARE
 V_ENAME EMP.ENAME%TYPE;
BEGIN
 SELECT ENAME INTO V_ENAME FROM EMP;
EXCEPTION
 WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('返回了多行');
END;
/

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE EX_TEST(SPNO NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
 UPDATE EMP SET SAL = SAL + 1000 WHERE EMPNO = SPNO;
END;
/
--调用存储过程，
EXEC EX_TEST(56);

--自定义例外
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE EX_TEST(SPNO NUMBER) IS
--定义一个例外
MYEX EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
--更新用户sal
UPDATE EMP SET SAL = SAL + 1000 WHERE EMPNO = SPNO;
--sql%notfound 这是表示没有update
--raise myex;触发myex
IF SQL%NOTFOUND THEN RAISE MYEX;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN MYEX THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('没有更新任何用户');
END;
/

SQL> exec ex_test(56);