深入浅析mybatis oracle BLOB类型字段保存与读取

三叶草

一、BLOB字段
BLOB是指二进制大对象也就是英文Binary Large Object的所写，而CLOB是指大字符对象也就是英文Character Large Object的所写。其中BLOB是用来存储大量二进制数据的；CLOB用来存储大量文本数据。BLOB通常用来保存图片、文件等二进制类型的数据。
二、使用mybatis操作blob
1、表结构如下：

create table BLOB_FIELD
(
  ID      VARCHAR2(64 BYTE)  not null,
  TAB_NAME     VARCHAR2(64 BYTE)  not null,
  TAB_PKID_VALUE  VARCHAR2(64 BYTE)  not null,
  CLOB_COL_NAME  VARCHAR2(64 BYTE)  not null,
  CLOB_COL_VALUE  CLOB,
  constraint PK_BLOB_FIELD primary key (ID)
);

2、实体代码如下：

package com.test.entity;
 import java.sql.Clob; 
 /**
  * 大字段 
  */
 public class BlobField { 
   private String tabName;// 表名
   private String tabPkidValue;// 主键值
   private String blobColName;// 列名
   private byte[] blobColValue;// 列值 clob类型
   public String getTabName() {
   return tabName;
   }
   public void setTabName(String tabName) {
   this.tabName = tabName;
   }
   public String getTabPkidValue() {
   return tabPkidValue;
   }
   public void setTabPkidValue(String tabPkidValue) {
   this.tabPkidValue = tabPkidValue;
   }
   public String getBlobColName() {
   return blobColName;
   }
   public void setBlobColName(String blobColName) {
   this.blobColName = blobColName;
   }
   public byte[] getBlobColValue() {
   return blobColValue;
   }
   public void setBlobColValue(byte[] blobColValue) {
   this.blobColValue = blobColValue;
   }
 }

3、mybatis sql代码如下：

<?xml version="." encoding="UTF-" ?>
 <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper .//EN" "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis--mapper.dtd">
 <mapper namespace="com.test.dao.BlobFieldDao">
   <sql id="blobFieldColumns">
   a.ID AS id,
   a.TAB_NAME AS tabName,
   a.TAB_PKID_VALUE AS tabPkidValue,
   a.BLOB_COL_NAME AS blobColName,
   a.BLOB_COL_VALUE AS blobColValue
   </sql>
   <sql id="blobFieldJoins">
   </sql>
   <select id="get" resultType="blobField">
   SELECT
   <include refid="blobFieldColumns" />
   FROM BLOB_FIELD a
   <include refid="blobFieldJoins" />
   WHERE a.ID = #{id}
   </select>
   <select id="findList" resultType="blobField">
   SELECT
   <include refid="blobFieldColumns" />
   FROM BLOB_FIELD a
   <include refid="blobFieldJoins" />
   </select> 
   <insert id="insert">
   INSERT INTO BLOB_FIELD(
   ID ,
   TAB_NAME ,
   TAB_PKID_VALUE ,
   BLOB_COL_NAME ,
   BLOB_COL_VALUE
   ) VALUES (
   #{id},
   #{tabName},
   #{tabPkidValue},
   #{blobColName},
   #{blobColValue,jdbcType=BLOB}
   )
   </insert>
   <update id="update">
   UPDATE BLOB_FIELD SET
   TAB_NAME = #{tabName},
   TAB_PKID_VALUE = #{tabPkidValue},
   BLOB_COL_NAME = #{blobColName},
   BLOB_COL_VALUE = #{blobColValue}
   WHERE ID = #{id}
   </update>
   <delete id="delete">
   DELETE FROM BLOB_FIELD 
   WHERE ID = #{id}
   </delete>
 </mapper>

3、controller代码如下：
a、保存BLOB字段代码

/**
  * 附件上传
  * 
  * @param testId
  *    主表Id
  * @param request
  * @return
  * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
  */
   @RequiresPermissions("exc:exceptioninfo:feedback")
   @RequestMapping(value = "attachment", method = RequestMethod.POST)
   @ResponseBody
   public Map<String, Object> uploadAttachment(@RequestParam(value = "testId", required = true) String testId, 
 
 HttpServletRequest request)
     throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
   Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<String, Object>();
 
   MultipartHttpServletRequest multipartRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;
   // 获得文件
   MultipartFile multipartFile = multipartRequest.getFile("Filedata");// 与前端设置的fileDataName属性值一致
   String filename = multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();// 文件名称
   InputStream is = null;
   try {
     //读取文件流
     is = multipartFile.getInputStream();
     byte[] bytes = FileCopyUtils.copyToByteArray(is);
     BlobField blobField = new BlobField();
     blobField.setTabName("testL");
     blobField.setTabPkidValue(testId);
     blobField.setBlobColName("attachment");
     blobField.setBlobColValue(bytes);
     //保存blob字段
     this.testService.save(blobField, testId, filename);
     result.put("flag", true);
     result.put("attachmentId", blobField.getId());
     result.put("attachmentName", filename);
   } catch (IOException e) {
     e.printStackTrace();
     result.put("flag", false);
   } finally {
     IOUtils.closeQuietly(is);
   }
   return result;
   }

b、读取BLOB字段

/**
  * 下载附件
  * 
  * @param attachmentId
  * @return
  */
   @RequiresPermissions("exc:exceptioninfo:view")
   @RequestMapping(value = "download", method = RequestMethod.GET)
   public void download(@RequestParam(value = "attachmentId", required = true) String attachmentId,
     @RequestParam(value = "attachmentName", required = true) String attachmentName, HttpServletRequest 
 request, HttpServletResponse response) {
   ServletOutputStream out = null;
   try {
     response.reset();
     String userAgent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
     byte[] bytes = userAgent.contains("MSIE") ? attachmentName.getBytes() : attachmentName.getBytes("UTF-
 "); // fileName.getBytes("UTF-")处理safari的乱码问题
     String fileName = new String(bytes, "ISO--");
     // 设置输出的格式
     response.setContentType("multipart/form-data");
     response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;fileName=" + URLEncoder.encode(attachmentName, 
 "UTF-"));
     BlobField blobField = this.blobFieldService.get(attachmentId);
     //获取blob字段
     byte[] contents = blobField.getBlobColValue();
     out = response.getOutputStream();
     //写到输出流
     out.write(contents);
     out.flush();
   } catch (IOException e) {
     e.printStackTrace();
   }
   }

本例子将文件上传并保存到BLOB类型字段字段，下载的时候读取BLOB字段，并写入成输出流。
以上就是本文的全部叙述，希望对大家有所帮助。