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[Nginx] 使用Nginx搭建高可用高并发的Wcf集群

web服务器 web服务器 发布于:2021-08-09 10:17 | 阅读数:529 | 评论:0

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很多情况下基于wcf的复杂均衡都首选zookeeper,这样可以拥有更好的控制粒度,但zk对 C# 不大友好,实现起来相对来说比较麻烦,实际情况下,如果你的负载机制粒度很粗糙的话,用nginx就可以搞定啦,既可以实现复杂均衡,又可以实现双机热备,以最小的代码量实现我们的业务。
一:准备的材料
1. 话不多说,一图胜千言,图中的服务器都是采用vmware虚拟化,如下图:
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  • 三台windows机器 ,两个WCF的windows服务器承载(192.168.23.187,192.168.23.188),一台Client的服务器(192.168.23.1)
  • 一台Centos机器,用来承载web复杂均衡nginx(192.168.23.190)。
  • 在所有的Client的Hosts文件中增加host映射:【192.168.23.190 cluster.com】,方便通过域名的形式访问nginx所在服务器的ip地址。
二:环境搭建
1. WCF程序
既然是测试,肯定就是简单的程序,代码就不完全给出了。

  • HomeService实现类代码如下(输出当前server的ip地址,方便查看):
public class HomeService : IHomeService 
  { 
    public string DoWork(string msg) 
    { 
      var ip = Dns.GetHostAddresses(Dns.GetHostName()).FirstOrDefault(i => i.AddressFamily == 
                                 AddressFamily.InterNetwork).ToString(); 
 
      return string.Format("当前 request 由 server={0} 返回", ip); 
    } 
  }

  • App.Config代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> 
<configuration> 
  <startup> 
  <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5.2" /> 
  </startup> 
  <system.serviceModel> 
  <behaviors> 
    <serviceBehaviors> 
    <behavior name=""> 
      <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true" /> 
      <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" /> 
    </behavior> 
    </serviceBehaviors> 
  </behaviors> 
  <services> 
    <service name="WcfService.HomeService"> 
    <endpoint address="/HomeService" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="WcfService.IHomeService"> 
      <identity> 
      <dns value="localhost" /> 
      </identity> 
    </endpoint> 
    <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> 
    <host> 
      <baseAddresses> 
      <add baseAddress="http://192.168.23.187:8733" /> 
      </baseAddresses> 
    </host> 
    </service> 
  </services> 
  </system.serviceModel> 
</configuration>
因为windows的两台机器的ip地址是192.168.23.187,192.168.23.188,所以部署的时候注意一下config中的baseAddress地址。
2. centos上的nginx搭建
nginx我想大家用的还是比较多的,去官网下载最新的就好【nginx-1.13.6】:http://nginx.org/en/download.html,下载之后,就是常规的三板斧安装!!!
[root@localhost nginx-1.13.6]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ automake pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel 
[root@localhost nginx-1.13.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/myapp/nginx 
[root@localhost nginx-1.13.6]# make && make install
然后在nginx的安装目录下面找到conf文件,修改里面的nginx.conf 配置。
[root@localhost nginx]# cd conf 
[root@localhost conf]# ls 
fastcgi.conf      koi-utf       nginx.conf       uwsgi_params 
fastcgi.conf.default  koi-win       nginx.conf.default   uwsgi_params.default 
fastcgi_params      mime.types      scgi_params      win-utf 
fastcgi_params.default  mime.types.default  scgi_params.default 
[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf
详细配置如下,注意下面“标红”的地方,权重按照1:5的方式进行调用,关于其他的配置,大家可以在网上搜一下就可以了。
#user  nobody; 
worker_processes  1; 
 
#error_log  logs/error.log; 
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice; 
#error_log  logs/error.log  info; 
 
#pid    logs/nginx.pid; 
 
 
events { 
  worker_connections  1024; 
} 
 
 
http { 
  include     mime.types; 
  default_type  application/octet-stream; 
 
  #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' 
  #          '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' 
  #          '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; 
 
  #access_log  logs/access.log  main; 
 
  sendfile    on; 
  #tcp_nopush   on; 
 
  #keepalive_timeout  0; 
  keepalive_timeout  65; 
 
  #gzip  on; 
 
  upstream  cluster.com{ 
         server 192.168.23.187:8733 weight=1; 
         server 192.168.23.188:8733 weight=5; 
         } 
 
  server { 
    listen     80; 
    server_name  localhost; 
 
    #charset koi8-r; 
 
    #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main; 
 
    location / { 
      root   html; 
      index  index.html index.htm; 
      proxy_pass http://cluster.com;  
      #设置主机头和客户端真实地址,以便服务器获取客户端真实IP 
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host; 
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host; 
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
      proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;  
    } 
 
    #error_page  404        /404.html; 
 
    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html 
    # 
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html; 
    location = /50x.html { 
      root   html; 
    } 
 
    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 
    # 
    #location ~ \.php$ { 
    #  proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1; 
    #} 
 
    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 
    # 
    #location ~ \.php$ { 
    #  root       html; 
    #  fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000; 
    #  fastcgi_index  index.php; 
    #  fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; 
    #  include    fastcgi_params; 
    #} 
 
    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root 
    # concurs with nginx's one 
    # 
    #location ~ /\.ht { 
    #  deny  all; 
    #} 
  } 
 
 
  # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration 
  # 
  #server { 
  #  listen     8000; 
  #  listen     somename:8080; 
  #  server_name  somename  alias  another.alias; 
 
  #  location / { 
  #    root   html; 
  #    index  index.html index.htm; 
  #  } 
  #} 
 
 
  # HTTPS server 
  # 
  #server { 
  #  listen     443 ssl; 
  #  server_name  localhost; 
 
  #  ssl_certificate    cert.pem; 
  #  ssl_certificate_key  cert.key; 
 
  #  ssl_session_cache  shared:SSL:1m; 
  #  ssl_session_timeout  5m; 
 
  #  ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; 
  #  ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on; 
 
  #  location / { 
  #    root   html; 
  #    index  index.html index.htm; 
  #  } 
  #} 
 
}
3. client端的程序搭建
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  • 第一件事就是将 192.168.23.190 映射到本机的host中去,因为服务不提供给第三方使用,所以加host还是很轻松的。
  • 然后就是client端程序添加服务引用,因为添加了host映射,所以服务引用地址就是"http://cluster.com"。代码如下:
DSC0003.png
class Program 
  { 
    static void Main(string[] args) 
    { 
      for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) 
      { 
        HomeServiceClient client = new HomeServiceClient(); 
 
        var info = client.DoWork("hello world!"); 
 
        Console.WriteLine(info); 
 
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000); 
      } 
 
      Console.Read(); 
    } 
  }
最后来执行以下程序,看看1000次循环中,是不是按照权重1:5 的方式对后端的wcf进行调用的???
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看到没有,是不是很????,我只需要通过cluster.com进行服务访问,nginx会自动给我负载均衡,这就是我们开发中非常简单化的wcf复杂均衡,希望本篇对你有帮助~~~~
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