Oracle10g通过DBLink访问MySQL示例

小蚂蚁

1, 首先在Oracle所在计算机安装MySQL的Client端软件，并且x86_64和i386版本的都需要安装，以便可以连接MySQL数据库。查看Client安装情况：

rpm -qa |grep mysql 
mysql-5.0.45-7.el5 
mysql-5.0.45-7.el5

得到两条记录，一条是x86_64的，一条是i386的。
如果看到还没有安装mysql客户端软件，则需要安装:

yum install mysql 
yum install mysql.i386

验证在此Oracle所在计算机是可以连接目标主机MySQL数据库:

mysql -h 192.168.1.1 -u root -p mysql

2, 检查Oracle所在计算机是否已安装MySQL ODBC客户端，并且x86_64和i386版本的都需要安装。

rpm -qa |grep mysql-connect

如果没有安装mysql-connector-odbc，则用下面命令下载和安装：
下载 mysql-connector-odbc：

wget ftp://mirror.switch.ch/pool/3/mirror/centos/5.2/os/i386/CentO S/mysql-connector-odbc-3.51.12-2.2.i386.rpm

安装mysql-connector-odbc：

rpm -ivh mysql-connector-odbc-3.51.12-2.2.i386.rpm

得到提示

libltdl.so.3 is needed by mysql-connector-odbc-3.51.12-2.2.i386 ，发现需要安装libtool的i386版本，因此通过如下命令安装libtool-ltdl.i386： 
yum list *.i386|grep libtool 
yum install libtool-ltdl.i386

3, 在Oracle所在计算机编辑/etc/odbc.ini文件,测试ODBC工作

vi /etc/odbc.ini

#odbc.ini内容如下

[test] 
Driver=/usr/lib64/libmyodbc3.so 
Description=MySQL 
Server=192.168.1.1(MySQL Server IP) 
Port=3306 
User= (MySQL Username)
UID= (MySQL Username）
Password= (MySQL PWD)
Database= (MySQL Database Name)
Option=3 
Socket=

在命令行中执行下列命令，应能够顺利登入MySQL Client窗口，即证明ODBC功能正常：

isql -v test
quit

4, 编辑hs配置文件 vi /ora10g/hs/admin/inittest.ora(注意文件名中蓝色部分为odbc.ini中蓝色名称)

HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO = test
HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL = on（正式使用后，不需要排错的时候应设为off） 
HS_FDS_TRACE_FILE_NAME = test.trc 
HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME=/usr/lib/libmyodbc3.so 
set ODBCINI=/etc/odbc.ini

5, 编辑Oracle所在计算机的Oracle listener的配置文件，建立一个模拟Oracle Listener的监听方式,为将来建立dblink做准备：
vi /ora10g/network/admin/listener.ora 加入如下语句：

(SID_DESC =
   (SID_NAME = test) 
   (ORACLE_HOME = /ora10g) 
   (PROGRAM = hsodbc) 
   (ENVS=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/ora10g/lib32:/usr/lib64:/ora10g/lib) 
)

listener.ora文件现在的内容变成：

SID_LIST_LISTENER = (
   SID_LIST = 
    (SID_DESC = 
       (ORACLE_HOME = /ora10g) 
       (PROGRAM = extproc) 
       (GLOBAL_DBNAME=prod) 
       (SID_NAME=prod) 
     ) 
    (SID_DESC = 
          (SID_NAME = test) 
          (ORACLE_HOME = /ora10g) 
          (PROGRAM = hsodbc) 
          (ENVS=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/ora10g/lib32:/usr/lib64:/ora10g/lib) 
       )
) 
LISTENER = (
   DESCRIPTION_LIST = 
    (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1)) 
                 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 0.0.0.0)(PORT = 1521)) ) 
)

执行lsnrctl reload使Listener生效：

su – oracle 
lsnrctl reload 
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 09-FEB-2009 13:59:38 Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. 
All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1))) 
The command completed successfully 
lsnrctl status 
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 12-FEB-2009 08:56:00
Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias           LISTENER
Version           TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date        03-JAN-2009 03:47:39
Uptime          40 days 5 hr. 8 min. 20 sec
Trace Level         off
Security          ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP            OFF
Listener Parameter File   /ora10g/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File     /ora10g/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.0)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "test" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "test", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

6, 编辑Oracle所在计算机中的tnsnames.ora文件，便于建立dblink。注意，此tnsnames的配置可以支持tnsping,但是不能支持sqlplus登录，只用于dblink：

vi /ora10g/network/admin/tnsnames.ora 
test =
  (DESCRIPTION =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
  (CONNECT_DATA =
    (SID = test)
  )
    (HS = OK)
  )

7, 在Oracle Database建立dblink:

create public database link MYSQL 
connect to "mysql username" identified by "mysql pwd" 
using '(DESCRIPTION = 
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = 127.0.0.1) (PORT =1521) ) 
        (CONNECT_DATA = (SID= test) ) 
        (HS=OK) 
       )';

要注意用户名和密码处需要用双引号，否则Oracle所传输的都是大写字母，可能无法登录进入MySQL。
8, 由于MySQL中的表名的大小写敏感，因此需要在进行SQL查询时对表名用双引号扩起来

select * from "tablename"@test