12306小卡片-鸿蒙智慧出行

POOPE

在没有鸿蒙之前，我大喵相信很多人座高铁是这样的：
1.买了高铁票，打车去高铁站
2.进入高铁站大门然后安检
3.在候车室等车和等检票
4.到了站台等高铁
5.上车
我大喵怕乘错车和晚上车经常会在3,4步骤的时候打开12306，然后打开车票，查看车票信息和发车时间，保证我是准点去检票座车，并且没有乘错车。像我这种经常去出差的人，一到高铁站会一直重复的去打开12306去查看车票信息，我觉得是一件非常非常麻烦的事情。还有现在的12306不会把车票信息以短信的方式发给我们，情景智能都不能用。那如何解决这个问题呢，答案就是鸿蒙小卡片。
下面我们来看一个视频
https://harmonyos.51cto.com/show/7339
12306小卡片效果展示

可以看到车票的所有重要信息都展示了出来，这样在出发去高铁站之前，我们只需要长按选择这个12306小卡片，添加到桌面上，然后长按小卡片出现编辑页面

在小卡片编辑页面添加车票相关信息，点击查询后会查询到相关列车信息，然后点就确认就会把数据放到小卡片上去了

12306小卡片开发准备
1.创建工程
详见鸿蒙官网
2.工程中添加小卡片
详见鸿蒙官网
3.目录结构

4.添加12306域名

"deviceConfig": {
  "default": {
    "network": {
    "securityConfig": {
      "domainSettings": {
      "cleartextPermitted": true,
      "domains": [
        {
        "name": "search.12306.cn"
        },
        {
        "name": "kyfw.12306.cn"
        }
      ]
      }
    }
    }
  }
  },

小卡片页面开发
index.hml
小卡片主要分成两大模块：车票基本信息和车次列表
车票基本信息里面有：开始地址、开始时间、车次号、日期、座位号、结束地址和结束时间
车次列表里面有：到达时间，发车时间，所需时间和正点状态

<div class="main_container">
  <!-- 车票基本信息 -->
  <div class="title_container" @click="getNewData">
    <div class="title_div">
      <text class="title_address_text">{{treainData.startAddress}}</text>
      <text class="title_time_text">{{treainData.startTime}}</text>
    </div>
    <div class="title_div" style="margin-top: 5px;" >
      <text class="title_ticket_text">{{treainData.trainDataString}}</text>
    </div>
    <div class="title_div">
      <text class="title_address_text">{{treainData.endAddress}}</text>
      <text class="title_time_text">{{treainData.endTime}}</text>
    </div>
  </div>
  <!-- 车次列表 -->
  <div>
    <list class="station_list">
      <list-item class="station_list_item" clickeffect="false" for="{{stationList}}">
        <text class="station_start_time">{{$item.start_time}}</text>
        <div class="circle"></div>
        <text class="station_name_text">{{$item.station_name}}</text>
        <text class="station_mess_text grey_color">{{$item.arrive_time}}</text>
        <text class="station_mess_text grey_color">{{$item.running_time}}</text>
        <text class="station_mess_text grey_color">{{$item.arrive_day_str}}</text>
      </list-item>
    </list>
  </div>
</div>

index.css

.main_container{
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background-color: #FFFFFF;
}
.title_container{
  margin-top: 5px;
}
.title_time_text{
  font-size: 10px;
  width: 100%;
  height: 10px;
  text-align: center;
  color: darkgray;
}
.title_address_text{
  font-size: 16px;
  width: 100%;
  height: 20px;
  text-align: center;
  color: #5F80FF;
}
.title_div{
  height: 30px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.title_ticket_text{
  width: 300px;
  font-size: 10px;
  text-align: center;
  color: #5F80FF;
}
.teain_d_text{
  width: 120px;
  height: 35px;
/*  background-image: url("/common/jt.png");*/
  background-size: 100% 100%;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 10px;
  line-height: 15px;
}
.station_list{
  width: 100%;
  height: 120px;
  margin-left: 10px;
  margin-top: 5px;
}
.station_list_item{
}
.station_name_text{
  width: 80px;
  font-size: 12px;
  padding-left: 5px;
  border-left-style: solid;
  border-left-color: #5F80FF;
  border-left-width: 1px;
  padding-bottom: 8px;
}
.grey_color{
  color: rgb(80,80,80);
}
.station_mess_text{
  width: 60px;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 10px;
}
.station_start_time{
  font-size: 11px;
}
.circle{
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  border-radius: 100px;
  border: 4px solid #5F80FF;
  margin-top: 3.5px;
  left: 4.5px;
}

index.json
小卡片通过json配置数据绑定和点击事件，车票的基本信息保存在treainData里面，车次列表保存在stationList里面

{
  "data": {
  "treainData": {
    "startAddress": "",
    "startTime": "",
    "endAddress": "",
    "endTime": "",
    "trainDataString": ""
  },
  "stationList": [],
  },
  "actions": {
  "getNewData": {
    "action": "message",
    "params": {
    "message": "getNewData"
    }
  }
  }
}

小卡片编辑功能的开发准备
鸿蒙的小卡片可以创建很多个，最大好像是8个，每个小卡片肯定是展现不一样的信息，所以需要添加编辑页面来让用户编辑这个小卡片，没有编辑页面的小卡片是没有灵魂的。
首先需要新建一个TrainConfigAbility，在里面setInstanceName TrainConfig

package com.example.phone.ability.train;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.aafwk.content.IntentParams;
import ohos.ace.ability.AceAbility;
public class TrainConfigAbility extends AceAbility {
  public static Long cardId;
  @Override
  public void onStart(Intent intent) {
    setInstanceName("TrainConfig");
    IntentParams params = intent.getParams();
    cardId = (long) params.getParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_IDENTITY_KEY);
    super.onStart(intent);
  }

  @Override
  public void onStop() {
    super.onStop();
  }
}

然后在小卡片配置JSON里面添加

"formConfigAbility": "ability://com.example.phone.ability.train.TrainConfigAbility"

我的小卡片配置文件时这样的

{
    "name": "com.example.phone.ability.train.TrainAbility",
    "icon": "$media:icon",
    "description": "$string:widget_trainability_description",
    "formsEnabled": true,
    "label": "$string:entry_TrainAbility",
    "type": "page",
    "forms": [
      {
      "jsComponentName": "train",
      "isDefault": true,
      "scheduledUpdateTime": "10:30",
      "defaultDimension": "2*4",
      "name": "Train",
      "description": "train card",
      "colorMode": "auto",
      "type": "JS",
      "supportDimensions": [
        "2*4"
      ],
      "updateEnabled": true,
      "updateDuration": 1,
      "formConfigAbility": "ability://com.example.phone.ability.train.TrainConfigAbility"
      }
    ],
    "launchType": "singleton"
    },

小卡片数据库
关系型数据库加入包
在对应的entry的build.gradle中添加包

dependencies {
  implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar', '*.har'])
  testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
 
  compile files(ORM_ANNOTATIONS_JAVA, ORM_ANNOTATIONS_PROCESSOR_JAVA, JAVAPOET_JAVA)
  annotationProcessor files(ORM_ANNOTATIONS_JAVA, ORM_ANNOTATIONS_PROCESSOR_JAVA, JAVAPOET_JAVA)
}

在gradle.properties中添加gradle全局变量

JAVAPOET_JAVA=C:/Users/XX/AppData/Local/Huawei/Sdk/java/2.1.1.21/build-tools/lib/javapoet_java.jar
ORM_ANNOTATIONS_PROCESSOR_JAVA=C:/Users/XX/AppData/Local/Huawei/Sdk/java/2.1.1.21/build-tools/lib/orm_annotations_processor_java.jar
ORM_ANNOTATIONS_JAVA=C:/Users/XX/AppData/Local/Huawei/Sdk/java/2.1.1.21/build-tools/lib/orm_annotations_java.jar

TrainStore.java

package com.example.phone.store;
import com.example.phone.store.from.Train;
import ohos.data.orm.OrmDatabase;
import ohos.data.orm.annotation.Database;
@Database(entities = {Train.class}, version = 1)
public abstract class TrainStore extends OrmDatabase {
}

Train.java

package com.example.phone.store.from;
import ohos.data.orm.OrmObject;
import ohos.data.orm.annotation.Entity;
import ohos.data.orm.annotation.PrimaryKey;
import ohos.utils.zson.ZSONArray;
@Entity(tableName = "trail")
public class Train extends OrmObject {
  @PrimaryKey(autoGenerate = true)
  private Long id;
  private String trainList;
  public Train() {
  }
  public Train(Long id, String trainList) {
    this.id = id;
    this.trainList = trainList;
  }
  public Long getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(Long id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "Train{" +
        "id=" + id +
        ", trainList=" + trainList +
        '}';
  }
  public String getTrainList() {
    return trainList;
  }
  public void setTrainList(String trainList) {
    this.trainList = trainList;
  }
}

小卡片Ability
主要作用时对小卡片的创建删除进行管理，点击事件的处理
在创建小卡片时，在数据库中新建一条小卡片数据，当点击更新按钮时，从数据库里面读取对应卡片的trainNo和date，然后请求API获取数据

"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/queryTrainInfo/query?leftTicketDTO.train_no="+trainNo+"&leftTicketDTO.train_date="+date+"&rand_code=";

TrainAbility.java

package com.example.phone.ability.train;
import com.example.phone.store.OilStore;
import com.example.phone.store.TrainStore;
import com.example.phone.store.from.OilPrice;
import com.example.phone.store.from.Train;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.*;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.app.Context;
import ohos.data.DatabaseHelper;
import ohos.data.orm.OrmContext;
import ohos.data.orm.OrmPredicates;
import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLog;
import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLogLabel;
import ohos.utils.zson.ZSONArray;
import ohos.utils.zson.ZSONObject;
import okhttp3.*;
import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
public class TrainAbility extends Ability {
  public static final int DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X2 = 2;
  public static final int INVALID_FORM_ID = -1;
  private static final HiLogLabel TAG = new HiLogLabel(HiLog.DEBUG, 0x0, TrainAbility.class.getName());
  private static OrmContext ormContext = null;
  private DatabaseHelper helper = new DatabaseHelper(this);
  OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
  public void create(Context context){
    System.out.println("创建高铁数据库");
    ormContext = helper.getOrmContext("TrainStore", "TrainStore.db", TrainStore.class);
  }
  @Override
  protected void onStart(Intent intent) {
    super.onStart(intent);
    stopAbility(intent);
  }
  @Override
  protected ProviderFormInfo onCreateForm(Intent intent) {
    long formId = intent.getLongParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_IDENTITY_KEY, INVALID_FORM_ID);
    String formName = intent.getStringParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_NAME_KEY);
    int dimension = intent.getIntParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_DIMENSION_KEY, DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X2);
    HiLog.info(TAG, "onCreateForm: formId=" + formId + ",formName=" + formName);
    if(ormContext == null){
      create(getContext());
    }
    // 数据库新建数据
    Train train = new Train();
    train.setId(formId);
    boolean isSuccessed = ormContext.insert(train);
    isSuccessed = ormContext.flush();
    return null;
  }
  @Override
  protected void onTriggerFormEvent(long formId, String message) {
    OrmPredicates predicates = ormContext.where(Train.class);
    predicates.equalTo("id", formId);
    List<Train> trailList = ormContext.query(predicates);
    Train trail = trailList.get(0);
    ZSONObject trainData = ZSONObject.stringToZSON(trail.getTrainList());
    System.out.println(trail);
    // 查询数据
    String date = trainData.getString("chooseDate");
    String trainNo = trainData.getString("trainNo");
    String url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/queryTrainInfo/query?leftTicketDTO.train_no="+trainNo+"&leftTicketDTO.train_date="+date+"&rand_code=";
    System.out.println(url);
    Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(new Request.Builder().url(url).build());
    call.enqueue(new Callback() {
      @Override
      public void onFailure(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull IOException e) {
      }
      @Override
      public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
        String body = response.body().string();
        ZSONObject data = new ZSONObject();
        ZSONArray statinList = ZSONObject.stringToZSON(body).getZSONObject("data").getZSONArray("data");
        data.put("stationList",statinList);
        System.out.println(data);

        FormBindingData formBindingData = new FormBindingData(data);
        try {
          if (!updateForm(formId, formBindingData)) {
          }
        } catch (FormException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
      }
    });
    super.onTriggerFormEvent(formId, message);
  }
}

小卡片编辑页面的开发
index.hml
配置页面CSS代码很少我就不贴了

<div class="container">
  <div>
    <text class="title">车次号</text>
    <input type="text" maxlength="6" style="width: 300px;" on:change="TrainNumberChange"></input>
  </div>
  <div>
    <text class="title">日期</text>
    <picker type="date" start="{{today}}" value="{{today}}" onchange="DataChange" ></picker>
  </div>
  <div>
    <text class="title">站台</text>
    <input type="text" maxlength="20" style="width: 300px;" on:change="addressChange"></input>
  </div>
  <div>
    <text class="title">座位类型</text>
    <picker type="text" range="{{seatPickerList}}" value="{{seatValue}}" on:change="seatChange"></picker>
  </div>
  <div>
    <text class="title">车号</text>
    <input type="number" maxlength="2" style="width: 300px;" on:change="VehicleNumberChange"></input>
  </div>
  <div>
    <text class="title">座位号</text>
    <input type="text" maxlength="4" style="width: 300px;" on:change="SeatNumberChange" ></input>
  </div>
  <div>
    <text class="title">发车站台</text>
    <text>{{trainData.start_station_name}}</text>
  </div>
  <div>
    <text class="title">结束站台</text>
    <text>{{trainData.end_station_name}}</text>
  </div>
  <div>
    <text class="title">列车类型</text>
    <text>{{trainData.train_class_name}}</text>
  </div>
  <div>
    <text class="title">OCR自动识别信息</text>
  </div>
  <button class="qr_but" @click="search">查询</button>
  <button class="qr_but" @click="qr">确定</button>
</div>

具体业务逻辑
1.当页面初始化时请求API获取全国站台的缩写代码(编号)，因为请求的是JS文件，需要使用|隔开存入数组
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js

var station_names ='@bjb|北京北|VAP|beijingbei|bjb|0@bjd|北京东|BOP|b

2.获取今日日期
3.获取所有输入框和选择器的数值
4.点击查询按钮时
1.提取train_station_code
2.获取该站台所有列车数据

"https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/czxx/query?train_start_date="+that.chooseDate+"&train_station_code="+addressCode

5.整理数据发送给service ability
index.js

import fetch from '@system.fetch'
import app from '@system.app'
var that;
const ABILITY_TYPE_EXTERNAL = 0;
const ACTION_SYNC = 0;
const CHOOSE = 1001;
var stationNameArray = [];
export const TrainAbility = {
  choose: async function(data){
    var action = {};
    var sendUserData = data;
    console.info(sendUserData);
    action.bundleName = 'com.example.phone';
    action.abilityName = 'com.example.phone.ability.train.TrainServiceAbility';
    action.messageCode = CHOOSE;
    action.data = sendUserData;
    action.abilityType = ABILITY_TYPE_EXTERNAL;
    action.syncOption = ACTION_SYNC;
    var result = await FeatureAbility.callAbility(action);
  }
}
export default {
  data: {
    title: "",
    today: "2000-01-01",
    chooseDate:"",
    seatPickerList:["商务座","一等座","二等座","站票"],
    seatValue: "二等座",
    pickerDefineIndex: 0,
    trainNumber: "",
    vehicleNumber: "",
    seatNumber: "",
    address: "",
    trainNo:"",
    trainData:{}
  },
  onInit() {
    that = this;
    //设置今日今天的时间
    var nowDay = new Date();
    let mount = (nowDay.getMonth()+1);
    let day = nowDay.getDate();
    if(mount < 10) mount = "0"+mount;
    if(day < 10) day = "0"+day;
    this.today = nowDay.getFullYear()+"-" + mount + "-" + day;
    this.chooseDate = this.today;
    // 请求获取站编号
    fetch.fetch({
      url: "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js",
      success: function(response) {
        var result = response.data;
        stationNameArray = result.split('|');
      },
      fail: function() {
        console.info("---get station_name fetch fail---");
      }
    });
  },
  addressChange(value){
    this.address = value.text;
  },
  DataChange(e){
    let mount = e.month+1;
    let day = e.day;
    if(mount < 10) mount = "0"+mount;
    if(day < 10) day = "0"+day;
    this.today = e.year + "-" + mount + "-" + day;
  },
  seatChange(obj){
    this.seatValue = this.seatPickerList[obj.newSelected];
  },
  TrainNumberChange(value){
    this.trainNumber = value.text;
  },
  VehicleNumberChange(value){
    this.vehicleNumber = value.text;
  },
  SeatNumberChange(value){
    this.seatNumber = value.text;
  },
  search(){
    // 查询车架号https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/czxx/query?train_start_date=2021-07-17&train_station_code=CAU
    //  1.提取train_station_code
    let index = stationNameArray.indexOf(this.address);
    if(index == 0){
      // 输入错误
      return;
    }
    let addressCode = stationNameArray[index+1];
    // 2.获取该站台所有列车数据 C3863 54000C386601
    //
    fetch.fetch({
      url: "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/czxx/query?train_start_date="+that.chooseDate+"&train_station_code="+addressCode,
      success: function(response) {
        var result = JSON.parse(response.data);
        if(result.data == null){
          return;
        }
        // 查询trainNumber
        let data = result.data.data;
        for(var dindex in data){
          if(data[dindex].station_train_code == that.trainNumber){
            that.trainData = data[dindex];
            that.trainNo = data[dindex].train_no;
            break;
          }
        }
        console.info("车数据："+that.trainNo);
      },
      fail: function() {
        console.info("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/czxx/query fail");
      }
    });
  },
  qr(){
    if(that.trainNo == null || that.trainNo.length == 0){
      console.info("数据有误");
      return;
    }
    // 整理数据
    let SendData = {
      treainData:{
        "seat": that.seatValue,
        "today": that.today,
        "trainNumber": that.trainNumber,
        "vehicleNumber": that.vehicleNumber,
        "seatNumber": that.seatNumber,
        "trainNo": that.trainNo,
        "chooseDate": that.chooseDate,
        "startAddress": that.trainData.start_station_name,
        "endAddress": that.trainData.end_station_name,
        "startTime": that.trainData.start_start_time,
        "endTime": that.trainData.end_arrive_time,
        "trainDataString": that.today+" "+that.trainNumber+"\n"+that.seatValue+" "+that.vehicleNumber+" "+that.seatNumber
      }
    }
    // 调试打印
    console.info(this.trainData.toString());
    // 发送数据给后端java service ability
    TrainAbility.choose(SendData);
    // 关闭当前页面
    app.terminate();
  }
}

编辑页面数据处理
TrainServiceAbility.java

package com.example.phone.ability.train;
import com.example.phone.ability.OilConfigAbility;
import com.example.phone.store.OilStore;
import com.example.phone.store.TrainStore;
import com.example.phone.store.from.OilPrice;
import com.example.phone.store.from.Train;
import com.example.phone.utils.TrainDataTF;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.FormBindingData;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.FormException;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.data.DatabaseHelper;
import ohos.data.orm.OrmContext;
import ohos.data.orm.OrmPredicates;
import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLog;
import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLogLabel;
import ohos.rpc.*;
import ohos.utils.zson.ZSONArray;
import ohos.utils.zson.ZSONObject;
import java.util.List;
public class TrainServiceAbility extends Ability {
  private static final HiLogLabel LABEL_LOG = new HiLogLabel(3, 0xD001100, "Demo");
  private static final int CHOOSE = 1001;
  private static OrmContext ormContext = null;
  private DatabaseHelper helper = new DatabaseHelper(this);
  private TrainServiceAbility.TrainServiceRemote trainServiceRemote;
  @Override
  public void onStart(Intent intent) {
    HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "TrainServiceAbility::onStart");
    trainServiceRemote = new TrainServiceAbility.TrainServiceRemote();
    ormContext = helper.getOrmContext("TrainStore", "TrainStore.db", TrainStore.class);
    super.onStart(intent);
  }
  @Override
  protected IRemoteObject onConnect(Intent intent) {
    super.onConnect(intent);
    return trainServiceRemote.asObject();
  }
  @Override
  public void onDisconnect(Intent intent) {
  }
  class TrainServiceRemote extends RemoteObject implements IRemoteBroker {
    public TrainServiceRemote() {
      super("TrainServiceRemote");
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onRemoteRequest(int code, MessageParcel data, MessageParcel reply, MessageOption option) throws RemoteException {
      switch (code) {
        case CHOOSE:{
          // 更新数据库
          ZSONObject zsonStr = ZSONObject.stringToZSON(data.readString());
          System.out.println(zsonStr);
          OrmPredicates predicates = ormContext.where(Train.class);
          predicates.equalTo("id", TrainConfigAbility.cardId);
          List<Train> trailList = ormContext.query(predicates);
          Train trail = trailList.get(0);
          trail.setTrainList(zsonStr.getZSONObject("treainData").toString());
          ormContext.update(trail);
          ormContext.flush();
          // 更新小卡片
          FormBindingData formBindingData = new FormBindingData(zsonStr);
          try {
            if (!updateForm(TrainConfigAbility.cardId, formBindingData)) {
            }
          } catch (FormException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
          }
          break;
        }
        default: {
          reply.writeString("service not defined");
          return false;
        }
      }
      return true;
    }
    @Override
    public IRemoteObject asObject() {
      return this;
    }
  }
}

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