public class Company {
private String name;
private Employee managingDirector;
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Employee getManagingDirector() {
return this.managingDirector;
}
public void setManagingDirector(Employee managingDirector) {
this.managingDirector = managingDirector;
}
}
public class Employee {
private float salary;
public float getSalary() {
return salary;
}
public void setSalary(float salary) {
this.salary = salary;
}
}
然后我们使用BeanWrapper来调用这两个bean:
Company c = new Company();
BeanWrapper bwComp = BeanWrapperImpl(c);
// setting the company name...
bwComp.setPropertyValue("name", "Some Company Inc.");
// ... can also be done like this:
PropertyValue v = new PropertyValue("name", "Some Company Inc.");
bwComp.setPropertyValue(v);
// ok, let's create the director and tie it to the company:
Employee jim = new Employee();
BeanWrapper bwJim = BeanWrapperImpl(jim);
bwJim.setPropertyValue("name", "Jim Stravinsky");
bwComp.setPropertyValue("managingDirector", jim);
// retrieving the salary of the managingDirector through the company
Float salary = (Float)bwComp.getPropertyValue("managingDirector.salary");
JDBC再封装JDBC优雅的封装了底层的数据库,但是JDBC仍然存在诸多的不变。你需要编写大量的代码来完成CRUD操作,而且,JDBC无论是遇到什么样的问题,都抛出一个SQLException,这种做法在异常使用上被称为不完备的信息。因为问题可能是很复杂的,也许是数据库连接的问题,也许是并发控制的问题,也许只是SQL语句出错。没有理由用一个简单的SQLException就搞定全部的问题了,这种做法有些不负责任。针对这两个问题,Spring Framework提出了两种解决方法:首先,提供一个框架,把JDBC应用中的获取连接、异常处理、释放等比较通用的操作全部都集中起来,用户只需要提供特定的实现就OK了。实现的具体细节采用的是模板方法。举个例子,在org.springframework.jdbc.object包中,MappingSqlQuery类实现了将SQL查询映射为具体的业务对象。JavaDoc中这样写到:Reusable query in which concrete subclasses must implement the abstract mapRow(ResultSet, int) method to convert each row of the JDBC ResultSet into an object. 用户必须实现mapRow方法,这是典型模板方法的应用。我们拿一个具体的例子来看看:
class UserQuery extends MappingSqlQuery {
public UserQuery(DataSource datasource) {
super(datasource, "SELECT * FROM PUB_USER_ADDRESS WHERE USER_ID = ?");
declareParameter(new SqlParameter(Types.NUMERIC));
compile();
}
// Map a result set row to a Java object
protected Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rownum) throws SQLException {
User user = new User();
user.setId(rs.getLong("USER_ID"));
user.setForename(rs.getString("FORENAME"));
return user;
}
public User findUser(long id) {
// Use superclass convenience method to provide strong typing
return (User) findObject(id);
}
}
JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
final List names = new LinkedList();
template.query("SELECT USER.NAME FROM USER",
new RowCallbackHandler() {
public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
names.add(rs.getString(1));
}
});